联合气压测高定位的高程转换问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘成  施浒立 《测绘科学》2015,40(6):6-10

针对利用联合气压测高技术进行导航定位时,直接测量获得的用户海拔高与定位解算中所需的大地高容易被混淆的问题,该文提出将气压基准站作为水准重合点,向用户传输高程异常值以进行高程转换;或在区域范围内建立局域坐标系,直接获得Z坐标值,并进行降维定位解算。这两种方法能够适用于不同情况,解决了气压测高应用范围与测量精度之间的矛盾。最后,通过在校园网中进行的实测实验,对方法进行了验证。结果表明,本方法可以较好地消除高程差异,有效提高定位精度。  相似文献   

Variability of surface velocity in the Kuroshio Current and adjacent waters derived from Argos drifter buoys and satellite altimeter data     

马超  吴德星  林霄沛 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(2):208-217

By combining Argos drifter buoys and TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data, the time series of sea-surface velocity fields in the Kuroshio Current (KC) and adjacent regions are established. And the variability of the KC from the Luzon Strait to the Tokara Strait is studied based on the velocity fields. The results show that the dominant variability period varies in different segments of the KC: The primary period near the Luzon Strait and to the east of Taiwan Island is the intra-seasonal time scale; the KC on the continental shelf of the ECS is the steadiest segment without obvious periodicity, while the Tokara Strait shows the period of seasonal variability. The diverse periods are caused by the Rossby waves propagating from the interior ocean, with adjustments in topography of island chain and local wind stress. Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, Nos. 2007CB411804, 2005CB422303), the NSFC (No. 40706006), the Key Project of International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (No. 2006DFB21250) and the “111 Project” (B07036), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NECT-07-0781)  相似文献   

气象因素对飞行安全高度的影响          下载免费PDF全文

白建忠  窦金锋 《气象》1995,21(9):7-10

通过分析气象因素对气压式高度表测量高度的影响，求出了高度误差极值，说明了我国安全高度按高于航线两侧２５ｋｍ范围内的最大标高４００ｍ或６００ｍ存在一定误差，提出了４条预防措施。  相似文献   

Lunar ranging instrument for Chandrayaan-1     

J. A. Kamalakar  K. V. S. Bhaskar  A. S. Laxmi Prasad  R. Ranjith  K. A. Lohar  R Venketeswaran  T. K. Alex 《Journal of Earth System Science》2005,114(6):725-731

Lunar Laser Ranging Instrument (LLRI) proposed for the first Indian lunar mission Chandrayaan-1 is aimed to study the topography of the Moon’s surface and its gravitational field by precisely measuring the altitude from a polar orbit around the Moon. Altimetry data close to the poles of the Moon would also be available from the instrument, which was not covered by earlier missions. This instrument supplements the terrain mapping camera and hyperspectral imager payloads on Chandrayaan-1. The instrument consists of a diode pumped Nd:YAG pulsed laser transmitter having 10 nsec pulse width and a receiver system. The receiver system features 17 cm diameter Ritchey—Chrétien collecting optics, Si Avalanche Photo Detector (APD), preamplifiers, constant fraction discriminators, time-of-flight measurement unit and spacecraft interface. Altimeter resolution of better than 5 m is targeted. The received signal strength of LLRI depends on laser pulse backscatter from the Moon’s surface. Moon’s surface being a poor reflector, the choice of receiver size and its type and the selection of detector play an important role in getting a good signal-to-noise ratio and in turn achieving the target resolution. At the same time, the spacecraft puts a limitation on payload size and weight. This paper discusses the proposed LLRI system for Chandrayaan-1 and signal-to-noise ratio estimation.  相似文献   

Coastal Gravity Anomalies from Retracked Geosat/GM Altimetry: Improvement, Limitation and the Role of Airborne Gravity Data   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Cheinway Hwang  Jinyun Guo  Xiaoli Deng  Hsin-Ying Hsu  Yuting Liu 《Journal of Geodesy》2006,80(4):204-216

We process geophysical and waveform data records of the Geosat/GM (geodetic mission) satellite altimeter mission for waveform retracking and applications. An improved threshold retracker is developed. The performances of the Beta-5, threshold and improved threshold retrackers are assessed over waters around Taiwan. The improved threshold retracker outperforms the other two. The improvement in the accuracy of sea surface height (SSH) is investigated according to marine zone and the distance of waters to the shore. The improvement rate increases closer to the land, with the largest improvement rate of about 20% in waters within 10 km of the shore. Over waters around islands and coasts, there are still retracked SSHs with large errors. Least-squares collocation is used to compute gravity anomalies from the Geosat/GM altimeter data. Use of retracked SSHs improves the accuracy of gravity anomalies by about 11%. Adding airborne gravity data further improves the accuracy, especially in the immediate vicinity of the coasts. Tide model errors over coastal waters remain a problem in altimetry applications, even if the waveforms are properly retracked.  相似文献   

Geosat／GM波形重跟踪反演中国沿海区域重力异常   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

杨元德  鄂栋臣  黄金维  汪海洪 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2008,33(12):1288-1291

利用Geosat/GM测高波形数据,在中国海域内(117°E～129°E,21°N～41°N)比较了阈值法、Beta5和改进阈值法三种重跟踪算法.分析表明,改进阚值法优于其他两种重跟踪方法.由改进阈值法的测高数据.分别采用最小二乘法(least sqlilare collocation,LSC)和逆Vening-Meinesz(IVM)计算了卫星测高重力异常,并与船测重力数据进行了比较.结果显示,LSC的精度优于IVM.与KMS02和Sandwell & Smith V15两个重力场模型相比较,本文结果在东海优于这两个模型,在台湾海域结果稍差,需要融合ERS-1等其他数据进一步提高精度.  相似文献   

联合多代卫星测高数据建立中国近海垂线偏差模型          下载免费PDF全文

邓凯亮  暴景阳  章传银  刘雁春  许军  孙昊 《海洋测绘》2008,28(3):15-17

联合T/P数据、T/P新轨道数据、ERS2数据、GFO数据、Geosat GM数据和ERS-1/168数据,用测高卫星记录点的位置信息直接计算沿轨大地水准面的方向导数,在交叉点处联合方位角推求垂线偏差,然后利用Shepard插值法得到了中国近海2′×2′格网分辨率子午圈和卯酉圈垂线偏差模型。将其与2′×2′分辨率的CLS_SHOW 99垂线偏差模型比较,在子午圈分量上的RMS为0.87,″在卯酉圈分量上的RMS为1.45″。  相似文献   

小型延时多普勒雷达高度计     

许可  王志森  杨双宝 《遥感学报》2007,11(3):380-384

延时多普勒雷达高度计（Delay Doppler Radar Altimeter,DDA）是采用孔径合成技术进行高度测量的雷达高度计。与传统雷达高度计相比,DDA沿航迹方向分辨率提高了10倍,发射峰值功率降低了10dB,测高精度提高到2cm。采用DDA技术可以使仪器测量精度更高、空间分辨率更高、功耗更低,易于实现小型化。DDA代表了新一代的卫星测高技术,特别适合海洋、海岸带和极冰的测量。该文就DDA测量机理、波形仿真和精度分析进行了研究。  相似文献   

Monitoring Changes of Ice Streams Using Time Series of Satellite-Altimetry-Based Digital Terrain Models     

Ute C. Herzfeld  Craig S. Lingle  Cecily Freeman  Chris A. Higginson  Michael P. Lambert  Li-Her Lee  Vera A. Voronina 《Mathematical Geology》1997,29(7):859-890

The Antarctic Ice Sheet plays a major role in the global system, and the large ice streams discharging into the circumpolar sea represent its gateways to the world's oceans. Satellite radar altimeter data provide an opportunity for mapping surface elevation at kilometer-resolution with meter-accuracy. Geostatistical methods have been developed for the analysis of these data. Applications to Seasat data and data from the Geosat Exact Repeat Mission indicate that the grounding line of Lambert Glacier/Amery Ice Shelf, the largest ice stream in East Antarctica, has advanced 10–12 km between 1978 and 1987–89. The objectives of this paper are to explore possibilities and limitations of satellite-altimetry-based mapping to capture changes for shorter time windows and for smaller areas, and to investigate some methodological aspects of the data analysis. We establish that one season of radar altimeter data is sufficient for constructing a map. This allows study of interannual variation and is the key for a time-series analysis approach to study changes in ice streams. Maps of the lower Lambert Glacier and the entire Amery Ice Shelf are presented for austral winters 1978, 1987, 1988, and 1989. As a first step toward understanding the dynamics of the ice-stream/ice-shelf system, elevation changes are calculated for grounded ice, the grounding zone, and floating ice. In the absence of (sufficient) surface gravity control for the Lambert Glacier/Amery Ice Shelf area, altimetry-based maps may facilitate improvement of geoid models as they provide constraints on the terrain correction in the inverse gravimetric problem.  相似文献   

中国近海1992～1998海平面变化监测与分析   总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13  

王海瑛  许厚泽  王广运 《测绘学报》2000,29(Z1):32-37

利用Topex/Poseidon和ERS-1卫星测高资料采用“共线”法计算出1992-10～1998-06中国近海海域海平面及其变化。在扣除T/P卫星测高仪的零点漂移影响后,发现与全球海平面上升率(+2.1±1.3)mm/a相比,不同海域的海平面变化趋势大不相同,黄、东、南海的海平面年变化率分别为：(+3.44±0.61)mm/a,(+3.12±0.47)mm/a,(-1.41±0.48)mm/a。从海平面变化异常中可以看出1993,1994,1997～1998年3次El Nino异常对中国近海海域海平面的影响是南海海域最大,东海次之,黄海最小。除了对海平面进行传统的频谱分析外,还进行了多分辨率的小波分析,还发现在上述3个海域中除了年周期变化较为稳定外,半年及季节(100 d)周期项存在着时间漂移。此外,在上述3个海域还存在着明显的两个月(62 d)周期的变化,其激发原因在此做了初步探讨。  相似文献